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Development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of mutagenic metabolites of the herbicide alachlor
Abstract
The herbicide alachlor is one of the most widely used pesticides in the world; over 52 million pounds are applied to U.S. croplands annually. The acetanilide compounds 2-chloro-2$\sp\prime,6\sp\prime$-diethylacetanilide (CDA) and 2-hydroxy-2$\sp\prime,6\sp\prime$-diethylacetanilide (HDA) are environmental degradative products of alachlor. CDA, HDA and alachlor are ground and surface water contaminants; CDA and HDA are mutagenic in the Salmonella/microsome assay. There is a paucity of data on the environmental fate of CDA and HDA.^ The development of two competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (cELISA) for the detection of CDA and HDA is reported. cELISA3 is specific for CDA with a detection range of 0.015 to 10 $\mu$g/ml. Solid phase extraction of CDA residues from aqueous samples gives a 1000-fold concentration factor resulting in an effective detection limit of 15 pg/ml. cELISA4 is specific for both CDA and HDA in combination, with a detection range of 0.01 to 10 $\mu$g/ml. Solid phase extraction of aqueous samples prior to cELISA analysis results in an effective detection limit of 10 pg/ml. Chloroacetanilide herbicides and other alachlor metabolites that may be present in environmental samples do not interfere with the detection of CDA and HDA.^ cELISA3, cELISA4 and the antisera they are based on provide a means of studying the environmental fate of CDA and HDA through a variety of analytical strategies. ^
Subject Area
Chemistry, Analytical|Chemistry, Agricultural|Environmental Sciences
Recommended Citation
Daniel M Tessier,
"Development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of mutagenic metabolites of the herbicide alachlor"
(January 1, 1998).
Electronic Doctoral Dissertations for UMass Amherst.
Paper AAI9823782.
http://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9823782