The research study centers on issues of health, quality of life, and access to health care among abandoned elderly women in Bangalore, India, specifically focusing on interrelationship of class, caste, structural factors and health. Despite increasing feminization of India’s older population, elderly women’s abandonment and its health consequences has received little attention in existing research literature. The study seeks to explain the causes of elderly female abandonment and concomitant social and health consequences, by examining how their life experiences are shaped, sustained and changed by their class, caste, and gender positions. Elderly abandonment is not unique to India but exists across the world. By addressing the role of structural factors in elderly women’s abandonment, this study will contribute to a better understanding of changing societal practices and mechanisms worldwide that influence how older women are viewed and treated and how their rights to health and other resources are defined.