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Landscapes of Violence has benefited greatly from the invaluable guidance and knowledge of our editorial board members. In honor of those who have passed, LoV staff is dedicated to deepening our understanding of violence through each piece published by the journal. The intellectual legacies of LoV's editorial board members are central to understandings of violence, conflict, and trauma.

IN MEMORIAM

GEORGE J. ARMELAGOS was the Goodrich C. White Professor of Anthropology and Department Chair, Emory University. Armelagos was a biological anthropologist, whose research studied the interaction of biological and cultural systems within an evolutionary context, particularly focusing on diet and disease in human adaptation. He helped to revolutionize the study of ancient disease in human populations by promoting an epidemiological approach and highlighting the evolutionary and ecological factors that are instrumental to the disease process. He was a central player in the establishment, development and promotion of bioarchaeology. He also researched race and its utility as a concept for understanding biological variation in human populations. He published over 250 publications including Consuming Passions: The Anthropology of Eating with Peter Farb, Demographic Anthropology with Alan C. Swedlund and coedited Paleopathology at the Origins of Agriculture with Mark N. Cohen. In 2005, he was awarded the Wenner-Gren’s Viking Fund Medal which is considered one of Anthropology’s highest honors.

ED CAIRNS taught psychology at the University of Ulster and was a visiting scholar at the Universities of Florida, Cape Town, and Melbourne.Most of his work had investigated the psychological aspects of political violence in relation to conflict in Northern Ireland. He was a Fellow of the British Psychological Society and a past President of the Division of Peace Psychology of the APA.

CLYDE SNOW was a forensic anthropologist. Born in Texas (1928), he earned his doctorate in anthropology at University of Arizona. In 1960, he joined the staff of the FAA Civil Aeromedical Institute where his research interests centered on human survival in extreme impact and thermo-toxic environments. Following his retirement from federal service in 1979, he served as a consultant to coroners and medical examiners throughout the United States and the world as an expert in the determination of the cause of death and identification of human skeletal remains. In 1984, he was asked by the AAAS Committee for Scientific Freedom and Responsibility to help in the investigation of the fates of the thousands of Argentine men, women and children who were “disappeared” during the 1976-83 period of military dictatorship. During his two-year effort in Argentina, he recruited and trained a team of Argentine anthropology and medical students, the Equipo Argentino Antropologia Forenses (EAAF) and, together with them, located, exhumed and identified the skeletons of many of the disappeared. This work culminated in the presentation of their evidence in the trial of the Junta leaders that resulted in their conviction for the torture and extra-judicial execution of thousands of their own citizens. It also marked the first use of the forensic sciences in the investigation of human rights violations. Since that time, Snow and the EAAF worked together in human rights investigations in over two dozen countries throughout the world.

NEIL WHITEHEAD was Professor of Anthropology, Latin American and Religious Studies and leads the Sexuality and Violence Research Circle at the International Institute of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He was a visiting professor at the École des Hautes Études in Paris and a National Endowment for the Humanities Fellow. Author of numerous works on the native peoples of South America, he was an expert on sorcery, violence and warfare. He studied the cultural dynamics of sex and violence in Brazil and Ukraine and the emergence of post-human and digital subjectivities.

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

JAMES F. BROOKS, President of the School for Advanced Research (SAR), is an interdisciplinary scholar of the indigenous past, focusing primarily on colonial borderlands. He joined SAR in 2002, after holding faculty positions at the University of Maryland and the University of California, Santa Barbara. His books include the multiple prize winning Captives & Cousins: Slavery, Kinship, and Community in the Southwest Borderlands, 2002) Confounding the Color Line: the Indian-Black Experience in North America (2002), Women and Gender in the American West (2005) and Small Worlds: Method, Meaning and Narrative in Microhistory (in press). He recently published a comparative-historical essay, “Bondage and Emancipation Across Cultural Borderlands,” in the volume Orientalism and Empire in Russia: Kritika Historical Studies 3. In 2006-07 he lectured at the Cañada Alamosa Institute, the Mountains & Plains Museum Association, the National Hispanic Cultural Center, the University of Texas and offered the Robert G. Athearn Memorial Lecture at the University of Colorado. He contributed an essay “Captive, Concubine, Servant, Kin: A Historian Divines Experience in Archaeological Slaveries” to the volume Invisible Citizens: Slavery in Ancient Pre-State Societies, chaired a session on “The Indian and African Slave Trade in Southern Studies” at the American Society for Ethnohistory meetings in Williamsburg, Virginia, and participated in the seminar “The Place of Native Americans in US History” at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University. He co-chaired with Nicholas Rogers the SAR short seminar Religion and Social Conscience in the Global Age.” Brooks continues work on his book Mesa of Sorrows: Archaeology, Prophecy, and the Ghosts of Awat’ovi Pueblo.

J. ANDREW DARLING is a graduate of Swarthmore College and he holds his PhD in Anthropology from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, which he received in 1998. Dr. Darling currently is the Coordinator for the Cultural Resource Management Program of the Gila River Indian Community in central Arizona, and a former fellow of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution and the PreColumbian Studies Program at Dumbarton Oaks in Washington, DC. He also holds adjunct appointments with the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Southern Methodist University, and Arizona State University. He has published in the American Anthropologist on the archaeology of witch execution in the American Southwest. His current projects include the archaeology of indigenous cross-border migration from Mexico and the Yaqui genocide.

DONALD ELLIS is a Professor in the School of Communication at the University of Hartford. His Ph.D. is from the University of Utah where he began his work on conflict and group processes. He has also been on the faculty of Purdue University and Michigan State University. His research interests are in the area of language and communication theory with particular emphasis on communication practices between ethnic groups in conflict. His work seeks to examine the relationship between micro linguistic and interaction processes and macro social and communicative categories such as culture, ethnicity, and dialogue. He is currently involved in research pertaining to dialogue groups between Israeli-Jews and Palestinians. Don is the past editor of the journal Communication Theory and the author of numerous journal articles. His books include Contemporary Issues in Discourse Processes, Small Group Decision Making, From Language to Communication, and Crafting Society Ethnicity, Class, and Communication Theory. He also works in his home community with dispute resolution organizations.

R. BRIAN FERGUSON, Professor of Anthropology, Rutgers-Newark, has been studying war for three decades. He has published historical reconstructions and analyses of war in tribal societies (particularly of the Pacific Northwest Coast and Amazonia), theoretical reviews and syntheses, critiques of biological explanations of war, a comparison of war and society in ancient and medieval states, and a survey and interpretation of global archaeological evidence for the earliest warfare. He is currently working on reports of chimpanzee “warfare” and its implications for human conflict, the challenge of recruitment of anthropologists by U.S. security agencies, and the development of organized crime in New York City.

RYAN HARROD, Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska Anchorage, specializes in biological anthropology. Within this broad subdiscipline his research and expertise is in bioarchaeology, paleopathology and forensic anthropology. Working primarily with ancient and historic human remains, he is most interested in questions having to do with identity, health and disease, conflict and violence, social inequality, ethics, and repatriation. His recent projects have focused on the regional and temporal analysis of signatures of health, nutrition, and conflict among Native American populations throughout the western region of the United States. Other projects include the identification of social inequality and violence among a historical group of immigrant Chinese in Carlin, Nevada and the analysis of trauma data collected from an extant population of Turkana in East Africa. His dissertation utilized data collected from burials from the Four Corners region of the U.S. Southwest to look at the ways that violence was used as a strategy for social control necessary in marginal environments with shrinking resources in the region prior to European contact. The significance of this research is that it further develops an understanding of bioarchaeological research on social inequality as it is reflected in the presence of non-lethal trauma, activity-related changes to the skeleton, and pathological conditions. He has co-authored and co-edited several books including the: The Bioarchaeology of Climate Change and Violence (co-authored with Debra Martin) Springer (2014), Bioarchaeology: an integrated approach to working with human remains (co-authored with Debra Martin and Ventura Perez) Springer (2013), The Bioarchaeology of Violence (co-edited with Debra Martin and Ventura Perez) University Press of Florida (2012). He is also on the editorial board for Springer’s Bioarchaeology and Social Theory Series and working on a single authored book based on his dissertation research.

PETER FRANCIS JIMÉNEZ is an Archaeologist with the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH/Mexico) 1991 – Present and Ph.D. candidate (ABD) Göteborg University, Sweden. Mr. Jimenez is Director of the La Quemada Archaeological Project (1985 – Present) and was a Member of INAH's Council of Archaeology from 1999 – 2005. His fields of study include interregional interaction between Central, West and Northwest Mesoamerica during the Classic and Post Classic periods, Ritual Landscape, Mesoamerican cosmology, and Nayar ethnography.

HERBERT C. KELMAN is the Richard Clarke Cabot Professor of Social Ethics, Emeritus, at Harvard University and was (from 1993 to 2003) Director of the Program on International Conflict Analysis and Resolution at Harvard's Weatherhead Center for International Affairs. He received his Ph.D. in Social Psychology from Yale University in 1951. He is past president of the International Studies Association, the International Society of Political Psychology, the Interamerican Society of Psychology, and several other professional associations. He is recipient of many awards, including the Socio-Psychological Prize of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1956), the Kurt Lewin Memorial award (1973), the American Psychological Association's Award for Distinguished Contributions to Psychology in the Public Interest (1981), the Grawemeyer Award for Ideas Improving World Order (1997), and the Austrian Medal of Honor for Science and Art First Class (1998). His major publications include International Behavior: A Social-Psychological Analysis (editor; 1965), A Time to Speak: On Human Values and Social Research (1968), and Crimes of Obedience: Toward a Social Psychology of Authority and Responsibility (with V. Lee Hamilton; 1989). He has been engaged for many years in the development of interactive problem solving, an unofficial third party approach to the resolution of international and intercommunal conflicts, and in its application to the Arab-Israeli conflict, with special emphasis on its Israeli- Palestinian component.

DEBRA L. MARTIN is Lincy Professor of Anthropology in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. She is also the Editor, Bioarchaeology and Social Theory Series , Springer, co-editor of the International Journal of Osteoarchaeology and an Associate Editor for the Yearbook of Physical Anthropology. Her recent publications include co-editing Bioarchaeology of Violence (UPF) and Bioarchaeological and Forensic Perspectives on Violence (Cambridge) as well as co-authoring Bioarchaeology of Climate Change and Violence (Springer). She conducts research in the areas of nonlethal violence and inequality, gender differences and paleopathology, and the archaeology of human experience with a focus on groups living in risky and challenging desert environments.

VENTURA R. PÉREZ, Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, is a bioarchaeologist whose primary area of interest is interpersonal and institutional forms of violence. His work focuses on cultural representations of violence using an interdisciplinary inquiry that includes social science and behavioral and biological research (specifically skeletal trauma), along with the analysis of artifacts and ethnohistoric research. Dr. Pérez’s current research includes Narco performance violence in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico and he is the principal bioarchaeologist for the site of el Teul in southern Zacatecas, Mexico. Dr. Pérez was part of a team that successfully completed the international repatriation between AMNH and the Traditional Yaqui Leadership in Sonora, Mexico stemming from a 1902 Yaqui massacre at the site of Sierra Mazatán. He is the Editor-in-Chief of Landscapes of Violence, and Director of the Bioarchaeology and Forensic Anthropology field school program at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

ERICA SCHARRER (Ph.D., Syracuse University, 1998) is Associate Professor in the Department of Communication at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. She studies media content, opinions of media, media effects, and media literacy, especially pertaining to gender and violence. She is editor of the forthcoming book Media Effects/Media Psychology (Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) and co-author of three additional books including Media and the American Child (Elsevier, 2007). Her studies on media violence have been published in such journals as Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, Mass Communication & Society, Media Psychology, and Human Communication Research.

NANCY SCHEPER-HUGHES is the Chancellor's Professor of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley where she directs the doctoral program in Critical Studies in Medicine, Science and the Body. She is perhaps best known for her award winning ethnographies: Saints, Scholars and Schizophrenics: Mental Illness in Rural Ireland and Death without Weeping: The Violence of Everyday Life in Brazil and for her provocative essays, including “The Primary of the Ethical: Toward a Militant Anthropology”, “Small Wars and Invisible Genocides”, “Death Squads and Democracy in Brazil”, “Who's the Killer?”, “The Heidleberg Pub Massacre”, “Undoing: the Politics of the Impossible”, and “Peacetime Crimes”. She is the co-editor (with Philippe Bourgois) of Violence in War and Peace and of Commodifying Bodies (with Loic Wacquant.). Her next book, Parts Unknown: The Global Traffic in Human Organs, will be published by University of California Press. Scheper-Hughes is founding Director of Organs Watch, a member of the WHO advisory board on transplant tourism, and of the Asian Task Force to Combat the Traffic in Humans for Organs.

JEFFREY SLUKA is a political anthropologist who has conducted extensive fieldwork in Northern Ireland. His Phd dissertation at Berkeley, subsequently published as a book in 1989, was on popular support for the Irish Republican Army and Irish National Liberation Army in Divis Flats, a Catholic-nationalist ghetto on the Falls Road in Belfast. Since then he has researched and written about various aspects of the cultures of state terror and anti-state resistance in Northern Ireland, including Loyalist death squads and the current the peace process. In 2000, he edited the book Death Squad: The Anthropology of State Terror. He is considered an expert on managing danger in fieldwork, and co-edited (with Antonius Robben) Ethnographic Fieldwork: An Anthropological Reader (2012, 2nd edition). He is currently part of the critical terrorism studies research initiative, and on the editorial boards of the journal Critical Studies on Terrorism and the Critical Terrroism Studies book series published by Routledge. He has written about losing hearts and minds in the 'wars on terror' in Iraq, Afghanistan and beyond (including Aotearoa/New Zealand) and the civilian casualties caused by the use of unamanned aerial drones. He is a fellow of the American Anthropological Institute and former Chair of the Association of Social Anthropologists of Aotearoa/New Zealand, of which he is currently the Chair of the Ethics Committee, and on the editorial boards of the journal Qualitative Research and the Ethnography of Political Violence book series published by the University of Pennsylvania Press. He teaches courses on Political Anthropology; Endangered (indigenous) Cultures; Culture, Biology & Racism; Popular Movements; and Research Ethics.