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Publication Case Study: The EU-US Dispute over Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms, Plants, Feeds, and Foods(2010-06-01) Peterson, M.J.; White, Paul A.The EU-US Dispute over Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms, Plants, Feeds, and Foods case is a study of the divergence of regulatory standards for genetically modified plants, feeds, and food in the US and in European countries. It focuses on the European Union’s moratorium of approval of new genetically modified organisms and the World Trade Organization’s consequent ruling.Publication Module 1.3.b: Transnational Conduct(2009-01-01) Peterson, MJEffective participation in cross-border scientific cooperation requires sensitivity to the implications of differences in national ethics and standards. It will investigate the problems associated with political censorship and corporate efforts to control access to basic science information.Publication Module 2.3.a: Ethical Conflicts Between Nations(2008-08-01) Peterson, M.J.Developing effective international level regulatory responses is particularly difficult when national ethical preferences collide. This module seeks to develop sensitivity to these difficulties.Publication Case Study: Reporting Incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)(2010-11-01) Peterson, M.J.; White, Paul A.The SARS case is an in-depth study of the 2002-2003 global outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). It focuses specifically on how information about the disease was shared among countries.Publication Appropriate Technology(2008-08-01) Peterson, M.J.Appropriate Technology described as "low impact technology" is based on highly advanced scientific and engineering research. The strong attraction to industrial and developing countries is due to its low cost, small scale, and low environmental impact.Publication Transnational Differences in Ethical and Regulatory Standards(2009-01-01) Peterson, M.J.This manuscript identifies key ways in which regulatory responses can differ across national boundaries. Some of these differences stem from variations in the perceived acceptability of an activity in different cultures. Others stem from different approaches to the common problem of identifying and regulating hazardous activity. Yet, others stem from differences in reaction to scientific or technological breakthroughs.Publication Cultural Competence in a Transnational Workplace(2009-07-01) Peterson, M.J.Many considerations, sensitivities, and cross-cultural awareness contribute to creating a successful transnational workplace. Developing the ability to negotiate with individuals of other cultures requires an understanding of which methods are acceptable or unacceptable to a particular culture.Publication The Concepts of Social Inclusion and Social Equity(2009-06-01) Peterson, M.J.The rapid growth in transnational professional activity has encouraged Intergovernmental Organizations (IGO), and other international professional associations to develop cross-national regulations and standards to promote worldwide policy coordination and standardization.Publication Diagrams: Networks and Organizations(2009-08-01) Peterson, M.J.Diagrams representing typical bureaucratic organizations, networks, and communication hubs.Publication Case Study: Bhopal Plant Disaster(2009-03-20) Peterson, M.J.The Bhopal case is an in-depth study of the industrial accident at the Union Carbide factory in India that immediately killed 2,000 people, injured another 200,000 to 300,000 more, and immediately raised questions about plant safety and corporate responsibility around the world. Includes seven detailed appendices: A.) Chronology, B.) Stakeholders and Level of Responsibility, C.) Economic/industrial climate of India, D.) Union Carbide Corporation, E.) Issues in Chemical Processing, F.) Assessing Responsibility: The Legal/Regulatory System, G.) Assessing Responsibility: The Engineers and Scientists, and H.) Technical Expertise and Managerial Responsibility.Publication Efforts to Control Information Flows(2009-07-01) Peterson, M.J.; Ercan, IlkeSince the mid-20th century, the importance of intellectual property rights have become a major avenue for governments, corporations, and other groups to control and limit the diffusion of scientific and technical information. Some of these limits are efforts to regulate who has what information through general censorship.Publication Diagrams of Transnational Diffusion(2008-09-01) Peterson, M.J.Diagrams showing transnational diffusion of ethical standards and physical effects.Publication Diagrams of Scientific Organizations(2008-02-01) Peterson, M.J.Organizational diagrams of the International Council of Scientific Unions, UNESCO, and others.Publication Mechanisms of Transnational Accountability(2008-08-01) Peterson, M.J.The absence of a world government means there are no central world courts or regulatory agencies who can step-in when an individual or a corporation causes harm to others on a transnational level. However, there are ways to take advantage of regulatory and standard systems around the world that when enforced, can hold persons or groups doing the harm accountable for.Publication Hints on Cross Cultural Skills(2009-07-01) Peterson, M.J.This document outlines suggestions on dealing with cultural differences among collaborators drawn from business literature. Different authors present different schemes, but there is broad consensus on three elements of effective cross-cultural interaction.Publication Ethical Evaluation of New Technologies: Genetically Modified Organisms and Plants(2008-08-01) Peterson, M.J.; Sandler, RonaldAs developments in biotechnology continue, new ethical questions arise concerning our ability to manipulate and intervene with what is conceived as "natural". Genetic modification (GM) is one clear example of this revolutionary development in biotechnology which inspires debate on its impact to human welfare.Publication International Forums for Addressing Social Inclusion and Social Equity Issues(2009-08-01) Peterson, M.J.Global intergovernmental organizations such as the United Nations (UN), World Bank, and the World Trade Organization (WTO), have been some of the primary forums for discussion of social inclusion at the global level since 1945. There are regional intergovernmental organizations however, such as the European Union (EU), African Union (AU), and other elite forums that also address social issues depending on what the governments of member states wish to discuss.Publication Resolving Ethical Disagreements(2008-02-01) Peterson, M.J.Resolving ethical disagreements in scientific, technical, and/or engineering fields could be feasible or difficult depending on the state of the objective information, and the quality of the ethical reasoning behind it. Good ethical debate must bring the resources of both objective knowledge formation and ethical reasoning together to ensure that the situation in which the ethics will be applied is understood as accurately as possible.Publication Multinational Corporations in Transnational Accountability(2008-02-01) Peterson, M.J.National and transnational effort to expand accountability in the development and application of science and technology focuses on multinational corporations (MNC). They are one of the primary channels for transnational diffusion and use of new developments in applied science.Publication Responsible Participation by Scientists and Engineers in International Political Process(2009-06-01) Peterson, M.J.Conditions of globalization and increasing prominence of scientific and technical matters in everyday life has created a need for scientists and engineers to participate in national and international debates about solving problems, applying technologies to particular purposes, and avoiding or minimizing serious harm. Policy-makers and others concerned with particular issues seek various types of expert advice depending on how well the issue is understood, and how urgent addressing it appears to be.