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Publication Conference Poster(2011-11-18) Peterson, GeraldPublication Session H: Lecture Demonstrations(2011-11-19) Martini, KarlPublication Lunch(2011-11-19) Peterson, GeraldPublication Publication Session G: Nuclear Power/Climate Change – Climate v. Climate Alarm(2011-11-19) Lindzen, Richard SThe underlying physics of climate contains important elements that are widely agreed on though frequently misunderstood. In this lecture, the basic physics of greenhouse warming are simply described. It will be shown that the dynamic mixing of the troposphere is essential to the mechanism. It will further be shown that there is nothing intrinsically alarming in the basic physics. Alarm depends critically on the assertion that the climate system is dominated by large positive feedbacks that greatly amplify such warming as may be due to increasing CO2 alone. The nature of possible feedbacks will be described, and the conditions for observationally determining such feedbacks will be explained. It will be seen that the feedback factors, themselves, can be subject to fluctuations, so that large positive feedbacks could occasionally lead to instability. A variety of attempts to evaluate such feedbacks will be described. Some will be shown to be clearly incorrect. The remaining approaches suggest that feedbacks are small and even negative, suggesting little basis for alarm.Publication Session G: Nuclear Power/Climate Change – TerraPower’s Traveling Wave Reactor(2011-11-19) Ellis, TylerTerraPower is moving forward with detailed plans for a sustainable, economic, and safe nuclear reactor. The Travelling Wave Reactor (TWR) – a reactor in the 500-megawatt electric range – uses unique core physics to initiate a breed and burn wave which can be completely sustained in fertile material. This process allows the TWR to convert depleted uranium waste into usable fuel as the reactor operates, providing a sustainable base-load power source. TerraPower is the first company to create a practical engineering embodiment of this previously studied concept thanks to a powerful advanced reactor modeling interface, developed in-house, which enables the analysis of traveling wave reactor technology in a way that has not been possible before. This presentation will provide more detail about the origins of the TWR, the project’s current status as well as some of the safety differences between TWRs and currently operating light water reactors.Publication Session G1: Plenary Session: Nuclear Power and Climate Change - Climate v. Climate Alarm(2011-11-19) Lindzen, Richard SThe underlying physics of climate contains important elements that are widely agreed on though frequently misunderstood. In this lecture, the basic physics of greenhouse warming are simply described. It will be shown that the dynamic mixing of the troposphere is essential to the mechanism. It will further be shown that there is nothing intrinsically alarming in the basic physics. Alarm depends critically on the assertion that the climate system is dominated by large positive feedbacks that greatly amplify such warming as may be due to increasing CO2 alone. The nature of possible feedbacks will be described, and the conditions for observationally determining such feedbacks will be explained. It will be seen that the feedback factors, themselves, can be subject to fluctuations, so that large positive feedbacks could occasionally lead to instability. A variety of attempts to evaluate such feedbacks will be described. Some will be shown to be clearly incorrect. The remaining approaches suggest that feedbacks are small and even negative, suggesting little basis for alarm.Publication Session G1: Plenary Session: Nuclear Power and Climate Change - TerraPower's Traveling Wave Reactor(2011-11-19) Ellis, TylerTerraPower is moving forward with detailed plans for a sustainable, economic, and safe nuclear reactor. The Traveling Wave Reactor (TWR) -- a reactor in the 500-megawatt electric range - uses unique core physics to initiate a breed and burn wave which can be completely sustained in fertile material. This process allows the TWR to convert depleted uranium waste into usable fuel as the reactor operates, providing a sustainable base-load power source. TerraPower is the first company to create a practical engineering embodiment of this previously studied concept thanks to a powerful advanced reactor modeling interface, developed in-house, which enables the analysis of traveling wave reactor technology in a way that has not been possible before. This presentation will provide more detail about the origins of the TWR, the project's current status as well as some of the safety differences between TWRs and currently operating light water reactors.Publication Session G1: Plenary Session: Nuclear Power and Climate Change - When Sciences Fails Society: Toxicology's 20th Century Legacy(2011-11-19) Calabrese, Edward JThis presentation provides an assessment of hormesis, a dose-response concept that is characterized by a low-dose stimulation and a high-dose inhibition. It will trace the historical foundations of hormesis, its quantitative features and mechanistic foundations, and its risk assessment implications. It will be argued that the hormetic dose response is the most fundamental dose response, significantly outcompeting other leading dose-response models in large-scale, head-to-head evaluations used by regulatory agencies such as the EPA and FDA. The hormetic dose response is highly generalizable, being independent of biological model, endpoint measured, chemical class, physical agent (e.g., radiation) and inter-individual variability. Hormesis also provides a framework for the study and assessment of chemical mixtures, incorporating the concept of additivity and synergism. Because the hormetic biphasic dose response represents a general pattern of biological responsiveness, it is expected that it will become progressively more significant within toxicological evaluation and chemical and radiation risk assessment practices as well as having numerous biomedical applications. Particular application will be directed towards how hormesis may affect the risk assessment process for chemicals and ionizing radiation.Publication Session F: Contributed Oral Papers – F4: Theory: The Horizon of the Universe could be the source of the Electroweak Force(2011-11-19) Kriske, RichardIn Physics the problem of observers and observed plays a central role. A Blue Photon in is created, in one observers reference frame, that is far from another observer, at the Horizon of the his reference frame, when it reaches him it is a red photon, because there is a third observer present and that is the photon itself. The photon carries information with itself in its travels, as to where the time-normal was where it was created. If one agrees that the time normal points away from the observer at the Horizon, photons coming from there are red shifted, this is true of Black Hole Horizons as well. What about photons coming from over the Horizon? They go to radio frequency, but then are Blue Shifted using the same paradigm. The only way to Blue Shift a photon in this way is to give it mass and all of the trappings of mass, like charge. This is a particular type of Blue Shifting where the time vector points in an unusual direction. This CPT violation is commonly seen in the Electroweak Force, as at the Horizon the time vector only points out, away from the observer and is no longer part of 4 dimensional space-time. This symmetry breaking at the Horizon causes the Electromagnetic Force to become the Electroweak Force, and a Gauge is establish that is easily recognized. Using this idea a General Procedure for the Construction of Matter from Energy can be written. The easier parts are seen in a slightly curved environment like the Sun.Publication Session G: Nuclear Power/Climate Change – When Sciences Fails Society: Toxicology’s 20th Century Legacy(2011-11-19) Calabrese, Edward JThis presentation provides an assessment of hormesis, a dose-response concept that is characterized by a low-dose stimulation and a high-dose inhibition. It will trace the historical foundations of hormesis, its quantitative features and mechanistic foundations, and its risk assessment implications. It will be argued that the hormetic dose response is the most fundamental dose response, significantly outcompeting other leading dose-response models in large-scale, head-to-head evaluations used by regulatory agencies such as the EPA and FDA. The hormetic dose response is highly generalizable, being independent of biological model, endpoint measured, chemical class, physical agent (e.g., radiation) and inter-individual variability. Hormesis also provides a framework for the study and assessment of chemical mixtures, incorporating the concept of additivity and synergism. Because the hormetic biphasic dose response represents a general pattern of biological responsiveness, it is expected that it will become progressively more significant within toxicological evaluation and chemical and radiation risk assessment practices as well as having numerous biomedical applications. Particular application will be directed towards how hormesis may affect the risk assessment process for chemicals and ionizing radiation.Publication Session F: Contributed Oral Papers – F4: Theory: For AAPT: Teaching the Wave Mechanics of McLeods' Stringy Electron, Explicit Nucleons, and Through-the-Earth Projections of Constellations' Stick Figures(2011-11-19) McLeod, David MatthewMcLeods' NEF11{\#}22 submission is from their same-title INVITED presentation at Frontiers in Optics 2011, San Jose, CA. It shows how Hooke's law for electron, proton and neutron strings build electromagnetic waves from strings. These are composed of spirally linked, parallel, north-pole oriented, neutrino and antineutrino strings, stable because of magnetic repulsions. Their Dumbo Proton is antineutrino-scissor cut, and compressed in the vicinity of a neutron star, where electrostatic marriage occurs with a neutrino-scissor cut, and compressed, electron, so a Mickey Neutron emerges. Strings then predict electron charge is \textbf{\textit{-- 1/3 e}}, Dumbo P is 25 {\%} longer than Mickey N, and Hooke says relaxing springs fuel three separate inflations after each Big Bang oscillation. Gravity can be strings longitudinally linked. Einstein says Herman Grid's black diagonals prove human vision reads its information from algebraically-signed electromagnetic field diffraction patterns known by ray-tracing, not difficult Spatial Fourier Transformation. High-schoolers understand its application to Wave Mechanics, and agree that positive-numbered probabilities do not enter to possibly displease God. Stick figure constellations detected, like Phoenix, Leo, Canis Major, and especially Orion, fool some observers into false beliefs in things like UFHumanoids, or Kokopelli, Pele and Pamola!Publication Session F: Contributed Oral Papers – F4: Theory: Density Matrices in the Quenching of Positronium by Electron Exchange(2011-11-19) Swaminathan, Sudha; Merrill, Wyatt; Glynn, Stephen; Quattrucci, JosephElectron exchange in a single collision between \textit{ortho} positronium and a target with one unpaired electron can result in the conversion (quenching) of the long-lived \textit{ortho} positronium into the short-lived \textit{para} positronium. The probabilities of forming \textit{para} and\textit{ ortho} positronium after the collision are calculated using angular-momentum coupling and density-matrix techniques. The fraction of the initial \textit{ortho} positronium that is converted to \textit{para} positronium (quenching fraction) is given in terms of complex scattering amplitudes labeled with total electron spin. Quenching fractions are obtained for polarized and unpolarized targets, with and without detection of the spin of the target after the collision.Publication Session F: Contributed Oral Papers – F4: Theory: New insights into the nucleon structure through bag model studies of the energy momentum tensor(2011-11-19) Neubelt, Matthew; Schweitzer, PeterInformation about the energy momentum tensor of the nucleon can in principle be inferred from studies of generalized parton distribution functions which enter the description of hard exclusive reactions. Presently the data do not yet allow to deduce model-independent information, and results from effective models are of great interest. We present first results on the energy momentum tensor of the nucleon from the MIT bag model. In particular, also the bag model predicts the constant d1 to be negative in agreement with results from lattice QCD, and other approaches.Publication Session F: Contributed Oral Papers – F4: Theory: Hadronic Parity Violation(2011-11-19) Vanasse, JaredFor 50 years the field of hadronic parity violation has been unresolved. Since the 1980's the standard theoretical framework for hadronic parity violation has been the DDH model. However, discrepancies between the DDH model and experiment have called the use of this model into question. At low energies a new model independent analysis of hadronic parity violation can be carried out via pionless effective field theory. With the use of pionless effective field theory and new precision experiments, focusing on systems with $\mathrm{A} \leq 4$ in order to eliminate nuclear physics uncertainties, the field of hadronic parity violation at low energies will finally be understood. This talk will give an overview of the theory and possible future experiments in this old yet still exciting field.Publication Session F: Contributed Oral Papers – F4: Theory: A non-QM explanation of Jacques' (2007) ``Wheeler gedanken experiment with delayed choice,'' without delayed choice(2011-11-19) Boyd, JeffreyThe publication in Science in 2007 of Jacques et al ``Experimental realization of Wheeler's delayed-choice gedanken experiment,'' appears to demonstrate many counter-intuitive ideas. The solidity of those conclusions depends on whether quantum mechanics (QM) provides the ONLY available explanation of the experiment. By thinking outside the box we have arrived at a different explanation of that experiment. QM is the box outside of which we think, not because of criticism of QM, but in order to explore an unconventional viewpoint. Our explanation is based on elementary waves. We find no delayed choice. What appears to be delayed choice is an illusion. We also find local cause and effect. This does not prove that our way of thinking is correct. It simply means that we propose an alternative explanation of the experiment that does not lead to all those counter-intuitive ideas.Publication Session F: Contributed Oral Papers – F4: Theory: Hermann Grid's Dark Diagonals Disprove QM's ``Beliefs,'' Reveal Stringy Electron, Nucleons, Stick Figure Constellations(2011-11-19) McLeod, Roger David; McLeod, David MatthewVision detects electric field amplitude information from spatial Fourier transforms, SFTs, of object space. Optics states: at focal, not image, surfaces, for Hermann, and pincushion, grids. Von B\'{e}k\'{e}sy's skin pressure experiments prove brain circuitry interprets focal diffraction patterns as inverse SFTs. This knocks out QM beliefs, enhanced by Schr\"{o}dinger's electron assertions. Mc Leods' electron string model, based on a neutrino in chiral embrace with a parallel, magnetically repellant, antineutrino, transversely aligned in continuous pairings along each wave-string's closure. This generalized, in Recife, PE, Brazil, to the three-ring, up quark, down quark, up quark, of our \textbf{\textit{Dumbo Proton}}, underpass-overpass string. Cut by an antineutrino scissor, and merged with our compressed, neutrino-cut electron, a \textbf{\textit{Mickey Neutron}} with over- or underpass pairs only, emerges, is unstable, and is of \textbf{\textit{4/3 e}} string units length. \textbf{\textit{Dumbo Proton}} is \textbf{\textit{5/3 e}} units; this string theory predicts a \textbf{\textit{Trinitarian Electron}}, with charge \textbf{\textit{-1/3 e}}, whatever phase, Standing Wave Up, SWU, Traveling Wave, TW, or Standing Wave Down, SWD. It explains solar neutrino flux factor 3 shortfall. Camcorders capture this electron at gigapower \textbf{\textit{n}} values. \textbf{\textit{Peruvian Nazcans recorded high energy, composite nucleon trajectories for us, as ``applied optical (VISION) physicists.'' }}Publication Session F: Contributed Oral Papers – F3: Cosmology, Theory: Blogging as a Research Tool(2011-11-19) Sweetser, DouglasI work on variations of the Maxwell Lagrange density using quaternions and hypercomplex products of covariant 4-derivatives and 4-potentials. The hope is to unify gravity with the symmetries found in the standard model. It is difficult for someone outside academia to get constructive criticism. I have chosen to blog once a week at Science20.com since March, 2011. Over thirty blogs have been generated, most getting more than a thousand views (high mark is 5k for ``Why Quantum Mechanics is Wierd''). The tools used for web and video blogging will be reviewed. A discussion of my efforts to represent electroweak symmetry with quaternions convinced me I was in error. Instead, my hope is to exploit the observation that U(1) is formally a subgroup of SU(2). A battle over gauge symmetry may be reviewePublication Session F: Contributed Oral Papers – F3: Cosmology, Theory: Visualizing the Superposition Process(2011-11-19) Ambroselli, Michael; Roychoudhuri, ChandrasekharWe demonstrate the dynamic evolution of superposition effects using two intersecting beams of electromagnetic radiation, to underscore the importance of visualizing interaction processes. Recordable fringes within the volume of superposition have time evolving bright fringe patterns, because the two superposed E-vectors oscillate through zero values while staying locked in phase. If a detector registers steady, stable bright fringes, it must do so by time integration. The QM recipe to model energy exchange by taking the square modulus of the sum of the complex amplitudes has this time integration built into it. We also discuss the importance of assigning proper physical processes to the mathematical relationships whenever possible: the algebraic symbols should represent physical parameters of the interactants and the mathematical operators connecting the symbols should represent allowed physical interaction processes and the guiding force.