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Author ORCID Identifier
N/A
AccessType
Open Access Dissertation
Document Type
dissertation
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Degree Program
Chemical Engineering
Year Degree Awarded
2016
Month Degree Awarded
September
First Advisor
Jessica D Schiffman
Subject Categories
Bacteriology | Biomaterials | Food Biotechnology | Food Microbiology | Membrane Science | Polymer and Organic Materials | Polymer Science | Transport Phenomena
Abstract
The persistence of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens remains a primary concern for immunocompromised and critically-ill hospital patients. Hospital associated infections can be deadly and reduce the successes of medical advancements, such as, cancer therapies and medical implants. Thus, it is imperative to develop materials that can (i) deliver new antibiotics with accuracy, as well as (ii) uptake pathogenic microbes. In this work, we will demonstrate that electrospun nanofiber mats offer a promising platform for both of these objectives because of their high surface-to-volume ratio, interconnected high porosity, gas permeability, and ability to contour to virtually any surface. To provide biodegradability, biocompatibility, and little or no antibacterial resistance, biopolymers and plant essential oils will be used. The first system explores the engineered incorporation, characterization, delivery, and antibacterial activity of two structurally different essential oils from chitosan-poly(ethylene oxide) nanofiber mats and chitosan thin films. The incorporation of both chitosan and the essential oil, cinnamaldehyde, produced a wider range of antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa than when chitosan or cinnamaldehdye were used alone. The second system features cellulose fibers to fundamentally study the use of nanofibers for the collection of bacteria. Nanofiber mats outperformed the two commercial fibrous materials, by collecting high quantities of three medically relevant bacteria strains. Additionally, polyelectrolyte-functionalized cellulose nanofiber mats demonstrated the ability to tune both the collection and inactivation of bacteria for specific applications. Overall, biopolymer nanofiber mats electrospun in this work demonstrate the successful collection and inactivation of medically relevant bacteria, and thus, are an ideal platform for biomedical applications.
DOI
https://doi.org/10.7275/8692567.0
Recommended Citation
Rieger, Katrina Ann, "Biopolymer Electrospun Nanofiber Mats to Inactivate and Remove Bacteria" (2016). Doctoral Dissertations. 799.
https://doi.org/10.7275/8692567.0
https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/799
Included in
Bacteriology Commons, Biomaterials Commons, Food Biotechnology Commons, Food Microbiology Commons, Membrane Science Commons, Polymer and Organic Materials Commons, Polymer Science Commons, Transport Phenomena Commons