The World Health Organization estimates that 25% of the world’s population lacks access to clean drinking water. This scarcity contributes to the spread of diseases like diarrhea, cholera, typhoid and hepatitis A, resulting in the daily deaths of one in nine children under the age of five. Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes purify water and thus, mitigate diseases; however, the accumulation of biofoulants on membranes significantly reduces their efficiency. This dissertation developed fouling-resistant membranes, called liquid-infused membranes (LIMs), that were inspired by the Nepenthes pitcher plant. A chemically inert, omniphobic perfluoropolyether oil was coated into commercial polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. The optimal concentration of oils with different viscosities needed to form a continuous liquid layer on the membrane surface was determined and confirmed using aqueous crystal violet stain and variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VP-SEM). Water and oil permeance experiments conducted at different applied pressures using a dead-end stirred cell demonstrated the stability of the lubricant oil layer. The LIMs maintained consistent permeance over multiple cycles, indicating a long-lasting lubricant layer within the membrane pores and on the surface. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) further confirmed the stability by showing no oil loss during membrane performance. Fouling resistance tests using Escherichia coli K12 revealed that LIMs had lower microbial attachment and higher flux recovery ratios than the bare membranes. Accelerated cleaning tests using sodium hypochlorite (bleach) showed no chemical changes in the lubricant oil, as confirmed by TGA and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Permeance tests indicated that the oil layer protected the LIMs against chlorine degradation. This study also explored the role of fluorine in forming stable LIMs by examining the effects of bare membrane pore size, membrane chemistry, and oil chemistry. Permeance tests revealed that fluorine presence in the bare membrane and oil chemistry is crucial for stable LIMs, with the smallest pore size showing the highest oil-retention. Additionally, membranes coated with in-house synthesized fluorinated dopamine exhibited improved fouling resistance. Overall, this work provides important insights into the fabrication and understanding of LIMs as low-fouling membranes for water treatment, oil separation and wastewater reuse.