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The Role of Social Class and Construal Level in Social Justice and Fairness Beliefs
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Abstract
What predicts support for the redistribution of resources to improve socioeconomic inequality? Social class, or the subjective perception of one’s resources and position in relation to others in a larger society, was examined as one relevant characteristic. Across four experiments, social class as subjective social status was manipulated (two) and measured (all four), and found to have a significant negative effect on support for the moral values of group-based equality (social justice) but not on individual deservingness (fairness) separate from political identity and other demographic characteristics. This effect was seen on stated principles but particularly relevant in approval ratings of conflict scenarios in which social justice is violated in favor of fairness such as in instances counter to Affirmative Action policies. Using an abstract/higher construal level or “big picture” style of thinking (measured in all four studies and manipulated in two studies) independently predicted objections to the violations of social justice but not fairness in such scenarios. Socioeconomic inequality has undeniably poor consequences for a society and understanding the psychological perspectives of those along the social class continuum, particularly those in power towards the top, may be a step towards alleviating such inequality.
Type
Dissertation (Open Access)
Date
2017-05