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KC 1.2: Rights-Based Approaches in Rural Heritage - Principles and Practice

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Abstract
The „Our Common Dignity Initiative “ working group (OCD- RBA WG) started as an ICOMOS initiative in 2007 and expanded in 2011 as cooperation for the Advisory Bodies to the World Heritage Convention (ICCROM, ICOMOS, IUCN) under the coordination by ICOMOS Norway. It deals with the Rights-Based Approaches (RBA) in World Heritage management. ICOMOS has taken important initiatives over the last decade to respect, protect and fulfil the rights to culture for individuals and communities by including RBA in its work, through its Ethical Principles and the Our Common Dignity Initiative. In celebration of the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, ICOMOS adopted the Buenos Aires Declaration (2018) entrenching Human Rights into cultural heritage activities. According to the Buenos Aires Declaration ICOMOS members, Committees and groups are therefore encouraged to 1) Build strong relationships with communities and peoples in their work. 2) Embrace the principle of free, prior and informed consent of source communities before adopting measures concerning their specific cultural heritage. 3) Offer all possible assistance so that communities and right holders are consulted and invited to participate in the whole process of identification actively, selection, classification, interpretation, preservation and safeguarding of, as well as the stewardship of and development of cultural heritage. OCDI-RBA WG is currently exploring the principles of RBA and collecting data on community involvement in heritage management. In 2019 a training was held in Estonia, which covered cooperation between duty bearers and rights holders, represented by the state, community and individual in the governance and management of heritage. OCDI-RBA WG contributed to the revision of the Operational Guidelines during the 43rd World Heritage Congress in Baku 2019. The revised OG encourage State Parties to adopt a human rights-based approach. The main aim of this knowledge cafe is to strengthen human rights issues in heritage, which we hope to achieve by OCDI-RBA WG sharing and discussing some general principles of RBA and Community Rights. We also want to share and collect information from all over the world on communities rights problems and best practice cases, concentrating on rural regions and cultural landscapes. Session starts with the presentation of general RBA principles, which will be followed by some cases of their application in Heritage Governance and Management in Rural Areas. Speakers are Ave Paulus, Gurmeet Rai, Grainne Shaffrey. The RBA is exactly one of those bottom-up ways to protect and retain rural land uses and related heritage via active management of heritage sites by local communities themselves. Some practical cases and related issues will be presented from Estonia, Ireland and India. We invite to an alive discussion on general principles, specific problems and local solutions for community participation in Heritage Management. The OCDI-RBA WG would like to cooperate with National Committees in building capacity and empowering heritage practitioners and hope the workshop will contribute to the OCD HRBA-network.
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