Elastic constants for granular materials modeled as first-order strain-gradient continua

Chang, CSShi, QLiao, CL2024-04-262024-04-262003-0110.1016/S0020-7683(03)00328-7https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14394/4980granular material, stress-strain relationship, internal length, strain-gradient model, couple stress model, grain rotation,Elastic constants for granular materials modeled as first-order strain-gradient continuaarticle