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Constructive-developmental theory: An application to motherhood
Abstract
This study examines the relationship between developmental stage and psychological experience in the transition to motherhood. Kegan's constructive-developmental theory (1982) is used to divide new mothers into groups according to developmental position. The issues and themes that emerge as salient for women at different developmental positions are then contrasted. Constructive-developmental theory describes the evolution of stages of cognitive making meaning. The theory focuses on underlying structural change in subject-object balance, a balance which influences the manner in which individuals experience themself and their environments. Two semi-structured interviews provided data about women's experiences in the transition to motherhood. The content interview elicited information about the changes in a woman's identity, her relationships and the integration of motherhood into her life structure. The Subject-Object interview was conducted and scored for developmental position. Participants also completed a demographic questionnaire, a projective instrument and the MAACL-R. Twelve first time mothers between the ages of 25 and 33 with infants between the ages of 2 months and one year participated. The women in the sample are in the Interpersonal (3) balance in Kegan's model so that relationships are an important source of identity for them. The evolution through the constructive-developmental continuum is confirmed by the differentiation of two developmental groupings combining Imperial (2) and Institutional (4) structures with the Interpersonal (3). These groups vary in: their ability to take perspective, the source of their identity and the meaning of relationships in their lives. One woman for whom the Imperial (2) dominated is discussed separately. The results are discussed in terms of connections to previous research on motherhood, specifically (1) the ability to express anger; (2) the impact of motherhood on self-esteem; and (3) motherhood and employment. Implications of the study for providing services to new mothers are discussed. Also, the theoretical implications of Imperial (2) structures in normal adults and the application of constructive-developmental theory to women's lives are discussed.
Subject Area
Developmental psychology|Social psychology
Recommended Citation
Doyle, Ellen, "Constructive-developmental theory: An application to motherhood" (1993). Doctoral Dissertations Available from Proquest. AAI9329596.
https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9329596