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Author ORCID Identifier
N/A
AccessType
Open Access Dissertation
Document Type
dissertation
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Degree Program
Food Science
Year Degree Awarded
2017
Month Degree Awarded
May
First Advisor
Yeonhwa Park
Second Advisor
John M. Clark
Third Advisor
Lili He
Fourth Advisor
David Julian McClements
Subject Categories
Environmental Health | Food Science | Toxicology
Abstract
Over the last few decades, the decline of using organochlorine and organophosphorus insecticides has partially contributed to the rising utilization of newer synthetic insecticides, which are considered as less harmful and more environmental friendly than the older generation of insecticides. Pyrethroid insecticides are one of the newer insecticide classes reported with better biodegradability and low mammalian toxicity without sacrificing its insecticidal efficacy. Permethrin is one of the most widely used pyrethroid insecticides with structural similarity with natural pyrethrin insecticide from the flowers of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium. Since its introduction in the 1970’s, permethrin has been extensively used in medicine, military, household, industry and agriculture. Although a large body of evidence have supported that exposure to organochlorine and organophosphorus insecticides could increase the risk of developing obesity and diabetes, less attention has been drawn to pyrethroids. It has been reported recently that permethrin potentiated adipogenesis and insulin resistance in vitro. This study is designed to determine the effects of exposure to permethrin, along with the interaction with high-fat diet, on glucose and lipid metabolism in vivo. Our results demonstrated that chronic exposure to low level of permethrin could disturb glucose and lipid metabolisms in female and male mice in a diet-dependent manner. Exposure to permethrin significantly increased insulin resistance in male and female mice fed high-fat diet as demonstrated by impaired insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance and increased HOMA-IR. Permethrin treatment also significantly increased weight gain and adipose tissue weight in high-fat fed male mice but not female mice. Further mechanistic studies in mice showed that permethrin can target AMPK pathway, AKT pathway, and fatty acid oxidation to influence glucose and lipid metabolisms. In vivo studies in 3T3-L1 adipocytes showed that permethrin potentiated adipogenesis via calcium- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress- mediated mechanisms. The current results suggest that exposure to permethrin can potentially disturb glucose and lipid metabolisms resulting in increased risk of developing obesity and type 2 diabetes.
DOI
https://doi.org/10.7275/10003384.0
Recommended Citation
XIAO, XIAO, "EFFECTS OF PERMETHRIN, A PYRETHROID INSECTICIDE, ON GLUCOSE AND LIPID METABOLISM" (2017). Doctoral Dissertations. 988.
https://doi.org/10.7275/10003384.0
https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/988