Consortia are an ever-growing reality in the modern library landscape. What began in the 1960s as a benefit realized through computers and automation, has evolved into a means of survival under budgets growing more austere with every passing decade. Despite their widespread presence, consortia are not making conscious decisions between organizational models when planning large technical services projects. This chapter will begin to fill that gap by examining why consortia choose centralized or decentralized approaches for such projects and will then discuss the differences between them, using the Center for Jewish History and the Five College Consortium as examples.