This dissertation examines the relationship between Latinx immigrants and the neocolonial US carceral state. In the Introduction, I use neocolonialism as an analytic for understanding the relationship between the US and Latin America, contextualizing Latinx immigration to the US amidst neocolonial globalization. In Paper 1, I compare the implicit racialization of Latinx 'unskilled' temporary workers and Asian 'high-skilled' specialty occupation workers through the US visa system. In Paper 2, I argue that Trump’s immigration policies represented an extension of rather than a departure from the Obama era. Even prior to the pandemic, Trump struggled to reach Obama’s high bar for deportations. In Paper 3, I examine U-Visas, which are granted to survivors of gender-based crimes. I argue that immigration agencies exploit survivors by disciplining them into receiving pain and using them to fuel carceral capitalism. In the Conclusion, I coin the term ‘carceral governmentality’ to show how the state uses governmental techniques to enact violence against Latinx immigrants.