Polygenic Resistance In The Highly DDT-resistant 91-r Strain Of Drosophila Melanogaster Involves Decreased Penetration, Increased Metabolism And Direct Excretion Of Ddt

Strycharz, Joseph P

Publication:
Polygenic Resistance In The Highly DDT-resistant 91-r Strain Of Drosophila Melanogaster Involves Decreased Penetration, Increased Metabolism And Direct Excretion Of Ddt

dc.contributor.advisor	John M. Clark
dc.contributor.author	Strycharz, Joseph P
dc.contributor.department	University of Massachusetts Amherst
dc.contributor.department	Animal Science
dc.date	2023-09-22T20:55:58.000
dc.date.accessioned	2024-04-26T21:09:24Z
dc.date.available	2010-03-12T00:00:00Z
dc.date.issued	2010-01-01
dc.date.submitted	May
dc.description.abstract	Resistance to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) in the 91-R strain of Drosophila melanogaster is extremely high compared to the susceptible Canton-S strain (>1500 times). Oxidative detoxification is involved in resistance but is not the only mechanism. Rates of DDT penetration, metabolism, and excretion were determined radiometrically between resistant 91-R and susceptible Canton-S strains. Contact penetration was ~1.5-times slower with 91-R flies compared to Canton-S flies. The 91-R strain had 13-fold more cuticular hydrocarbons, possibly resulting in penetration differences. DDT was metabolized ~33-fold more extensively by 91-R than Canton-S resulting in dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD), two unidentified metabolites and polar conjugates being formed in significantly greater amounts. 91-R also excreted ~5.0 times more DDT and metabolites than Canton-S. Verapamil pretreatment reduced the LD50 value for 91-R flies topically dosed with DDT by a factor of 10-fold. Thus, it is likely that the increased excretion by 91-R flies is due to the increased expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes, including MDR50 (CG8525) that had a 36% higher transcript level by quantitative real time PCR than Canton-S flies. In summary, DDT resistance in 91-R is polyfactorial and includes reduced penetration, increased detoxification and direct excretion.
dc.description.degree	Master of Science (M.S.)
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.7275/1219623
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14394/47308
dc.relation.url	https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1507&context=theses&unstamped=1
dc.source.status	published
dc.subject	Toxicology
dc.subject	DDT
dc.subject	Drosophila
dc.subject	Resistance
dc.subject	Metabolism
dc.subject	P-glycoprotein
dc.subject	Biotechnology
dc.title	Polygenic Resistance In The Highly DDT-resistant 91-r Strain Of Drosophila Melanogaster Involves Decreased Penetration, Increased Metabolism And Direct Excretion Of Ddt
dc.type	open
dc.type	article
dc.type	thesis
digcom.contributor.author	isAuthorOfPublication\|email:jstrycha@vasci.umass.edu\|institution:University of Massachusetts Amherst\|Strycharz, Joseph P
digcom.date.embargo	2010-03-12T00:00:00-08:00
digcom.identifier	theses/424
digcom.identifier.contextkey	1219623
digcom.identifier.submissionpath	theses/424
dspace.entity.type	Publication