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Spatial repellents transfluthrin and metofluthrin affect the behavior of <em>Dermacentor variabilis</em>, <em>Amblyomma americanum</em>, and <em>Ixodes scapularis</em> in an <em>in vitro</em> vertical climb assay

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dc.contributor.authorSiegel, Eric L.
dc.contributor.authorOlivera, Marcos
dc.contributor.authorRoig, Esteban Martinez
dc.contributor.authorPerry, Melynda
dc.contributor.authorLi, Andrew Y.
dc.contributor.authorD'hers, Sebastián
dc.contributor.authorRich, Stephen M.
dc.contributor.departmentUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst
dc.contributor.departmentInstituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA)
dc.contributor.departmentInstituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA)
dc.contributor.departmentTextile Materials Evaluation Team, Combat Capabilities Development Command Solder Center, United States Army
dc.contributor.departmentUnited States Department of Agriculture
dc.contributor.departmentInstituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA)
dc.contributor.departmentUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst
dc.date2023-09-24T09:26:32.000
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-26T18:44:36Z
dc.date.available2022-12-05T00:00:00Z
dc.date.issued2022-01-01
dc.description.abstractRepellents serve an important role in bite protection. Tick repellents largely rely on biomechanisms that induce responses with direct contact, but synthetic pyrethroids used as spatial repellents against insects have received recent attention for potential use in tick protection systems. An in vitro vertical climb assay was designed to assess spatial repellency against Dermacentor variabilis, Amblyomma americanum, and Ixodes scapularis adult, female ticks. Climbing behavior was assessed with and without the presence of two spatial repellents, transfluthrin and metofluthrin. Repellency parameters were defined to simulate the natural questing behavior of ambushing ticks, including measures of detachment, pseudo-questing duration, climbing deterrence, and activity. Significant effects were observed within each parameter. D. variabilis showed the greatest general susceptibility to each repellent, followed by A. americanum, and I. scapularis. The most important and integrative measure of repellency was climbing deterrence–a measure of the spatial repellent’s ability to disrupt a tick’s natural propensity to climb. Transfluthrin deterred 75% of D. variabilis, 67% of A. americanum, and 50% of I. scapularis. Metofluthrin was slightly more effective, deterring 81% of D. variabilis, 73% of A. americanum, and 72% of I. scapularis. The present study poses a novel paradigm for repellency and reports a preliminary assessment of spatial repellent effect on tick behavior. Further research will assess spatial repellency in a more natural setting, scale exposure conditions, and incorporate host cues.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269150
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14394/35277
dc.relation.ispartofPLoS ONE
dc.relation.urlhttps://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1342&amp;context=micro_faculty_pubs&amp;unstamped=1
dc.rightsUMass Amherst Open Access Policy
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.source.statuspublished
dc.titleSpatial repellents transfluthrin and metofluthrin affect the behavior of <em>Dermacentor variabilis</em>, <em>Amblyomma americanum</em>, and <em>Ixodes scapularis</em> in an <em>in vitro</em> vertical climb assay
dc.typearticle
dc.typearticle
digcom.contributor.authorSiegel, Eric L.
digcom.contributor.authorOlivera, Marcos
digcom.contributor.authorRoig, Esteban Martinez
digcom.contributor.authorPerry, Melynda
digcom.contributor.authorLi, Andrew Y.
digcom.contributor.authorD'hers, Sebastián
digcom.contributor.authorRich, Stephen M.
digcom.date.embargo2022-12-05T00:00:00-08:00
digcom.identifiermicro_faculty_pubs/343
digcom.identifier.contextkey32575708
digcom.identifier.submissionpathmicro_faculty_pubs/343
dspace.entity.typePublication
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