The neuroanatomical connections between the visual and motor nuclei of the anuran mesencephalon were investigated using horseradish peroxidase and the Golgi technique. Four distinct cell types were identified within the terminal field of nBOR: stellate neurons, amacrine cells, elongate neurons, and large ganglionic neurons. In addition, cells which lie medial to the terminal field, pyriform and commissural neurons, send dendrites into nBOR. Pyriform neurons project to the nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (nMLF) and cranial nerve nuclei III and IV, while commissural neurons project to the contralateral nBOR.