Author Bios (50 Words for each Author)

Mr. Kawada is a graduate and a DSc candidate of Tokyo Metropolitan University. He has educational backgrounds in tourism and marketing. His research interest relates mainly to empirical research of destination loyalty. He is also interested in the processing of big data regarding visitors’ behaviors and experiences.

Dr. Naoi is an associate professor of Tokyo Metropolitan University. He obtained his doctor’s degrees from the University of Surrey and Tokyo institute of Technology. His researches relate mainly to. He has studied visitors’ evaluations of destinations, adopting theories and methods of environmental psychology, consumer behavior, and destination image

Abstract (150 Words)

Drawing from preceding studies on factors influencing destination loyalty, the factors are classified according to whether satisfaction is an influence, factors that influence via satisfaction (satisfaction-mediated factors), and factors that influence without being mediated by satisfaction (satisfaction-unmediated factors). Satisfaction-unmediated factors include pre-visit image and motivation about the destination; the discovery of a new attraction during the visit, experiencing positive emotions, and individual attributes. Nevertheless, the preceding studies have limitations, including the absence of context, such as unique attributes of the destination and research subjects, and the absence of standardization in measuring satisfaction. It is necessary to extract factors that influence destination loyalty by drawing from these observations.

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Defining factors of destination loyalty that are unrelated to tourist satisfaction: A review of preceding studies

Drawing from preceding studies on factors influencing destination loyalty, the factors are classified according to whether satisfaction is an influence, factors that influence via satisfaction (satisfaction-mediated factors), and factors that influence without being mediated by satisfaction (satisfaction-unmediated factors). Satisfaction-unmediated factors include pre-visit image and motivation about the destination; the discovery of a new attraction during the visit, experiencing positive emotions, and individual attributes. Nevertheless, the preceding studies have limitations, including the absence of context, such as unique attributes of the destination and research subjects, and the absence of standardization in measuring satisfaction. It is necessary to extract factors that influence destination loyalty by drawing from these observations.