My dissertation covers the topics of labor market inequalities among U.S. women from the perspective of child care. I aim to find answers to questions of differences in employment from societal and familial factors that shape child care responsibilities of women differently. My first essay examines the effects of low-educated immigrants (LEI) on child care prices and U.S.-born mothers’ employment in 2010-2018. I combine multiple national datasets – the National Database of Childcare Prices (NDCP), the American Community Survey, and the Annual Social and Economic Supplements (ASEC) of the Current Population Survey (CPS) – to look at immigrants’ impact on county’s child care prices and price effects on women’s employment decisions. My results indicate that, despite the reduction in child care prices possibly associated with low-educated immigrants (especially in family day care businesses where they represent a significant share of the workforce) their presence does not seem to exercise much influence on U.S.-born women’s employment. My second essay uses the 2010-2018 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to link young women to their mothers and estimates the effect of living in a multigenerational household on women’s employment. While I find a positive impact of intergenerational coresidence on both black and white mothers with young children, I show that it reduces the employment of Black grandmothers especially those under retirement age. This finding has policy implications. If increases in the price of purchased child care increase families’ reliance on informal child care by grandmothers, the impacts will likely differ by race, increasing the economic vulnerability of Black grandmothers. My third essay explores the differences between cohabiting/married and same-sex/different-sex partnerships on women’s employment responses to a partners’ job loss before and during the Great Recession. My findings, based on 2005-2009 data from the Current Population Survey (CPS), suggest that cohabiting women are less likely to change their employment than their married counterparts, but the gap between mothers and non-mothers is smaller. My analysis contributes to the literature on “added worker effects,” updating the ways in which countercyclical trends in women’s labor supply are affected by changes in family structure.