DOI

https://doi.org/10.7275/9eby-ng69

Biographical Information // Informations biographiques

NİHAN BULUT received her bachelor’s degree in architecture from Middle East Technical University (METU) in 2018 and currently continuing her master’s degree in conservation of cultural heritage within the same university. Her major research interests include conservation and management of rural sites and conservation of 18th, 19th, 20th century architectural and industrial heritage.

SERA NAZ ERSOY received her bachelor’s degree in Sociology from Middle East Technical University (METU) and currently a student in M.Sc Conservation of Cultural Heritage at the same university. Her main research interests include participatory design and social sustainability in conservation, as well as rural and built vernacular heritage.

TUĞÇE YÜRÜK received her bachelor’s degree in interior architecture and environmental design from Bilkent University and currently doing master in conservation of cultural heritage in Middle East Technical University. Her major research interests are conservation of modern heritage, refunctioning and sustainability.

A. GULIZ BILGIN ALTINOZ received her bachelor’s degree in architecture, and master’s and PhD degrees in restoration from Middle East Technical University. Her main academic and professional interest areas are conservation, management and planning of urban, rural and archaeological sites; multi layered towns and urban archaeology; information management, decision support systems and GIS in heritage conservation.

OZGUN OZCAKIR received his bachelor’s degree in architecture, master’s and PhD degree in conservation of cultural heritage from Middle East Technical University (METU). Major research interests include values of cultural heritage, renewal and regeneration of heritage places.

MELTEM ÇETİNER received her bachelor’s degree in architecture from Gazi University and master’s degree in conservation of cultural heritage from Middle East Technical University. Her research interests lie in the areas are cultural heritage conservation, particularly accessibility and interpretation of archaeological sites; universal design; human rights and disability.


Keywords

cultural landscape, rural heritage, living rural habitat, continuous inhabitancy, multi-layered settlement, co-existence of archaeological and rural heritage, population exchange, Gazikoy, Ganos

Abstract // Résumé

The most important features of rural settlements are the fertile agricultural lands satisfying needs of people, the connections with the regional transportation network and proximity to natural resources such as water and fresh air. These features are important for the continuation of rural life and Gazikoy, which is known as Ganos in ancient period, has always been a rural settlement since antiquity because of them.

Throughout time, Gaziköy (Ganos) in Thrace was inhabited by different cultures. The inhabitation in the village continued all through the Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman periods. The Gaziköy (Ganos) which had a Rum (Ottoman-Greek) population in Ottoman period was subject to population exchange at the beginning of Turkish Republic; as a result of which the Turks living in Greece and Bulgaria were replaced with the Greeks living in Anatolia with the agreement between Turkey and Greece. Despite the change of population in early republican period, the rural life has always continued in Gaziköy, due to the fact that the land is very fertile.

However, as there are archaeological remains in the area as a result of continuous inhabitancy, there are restrictions for new interventions. Villagers who deal with agricultural activities are not allowed to make any interventions to adapt the traditional houses and infrastructure. As a result of the lack of maintenance and repair, traditional buildings are being damaged in Gaziköy day by day. Although this situation forces the villagers to leave the village, the villagers resist to stay in the area due to continuity of agricultural activities.

The problem of conservation in Gaziköy (Ganos) is to protect all layers of the multi-layered rural landscape while providing the continuity of the rural life. The responses provided to solve these problems focus on the preservation of both of archaeological remains and traditional buildings dating back to late 19th century, the continuation of rural life and agricultural production contrary to strict conservation policies emphasising only the preservation archaeological layer.

Bibliographic References // Références Bibliographiques

Aas, C., Ladkin, A. & Fletcher, J., 2005, 'Stakeholder collaboration and heritage management', Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 28-48; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.04.005

Di Fazio, S. and Modica, G., 2018, Historic Rural Landscapes: Sustainable Planning Strategies and Action Criteria. The Italian Experience in the Global and European Context, Sustainability 10(11), 3834; doi:10.3390/su10113834

EU Network for Rural Development (ENRD), 2010, EU Rural Review 2 “Creaitivity and Innovation in EU Rural Development”, European Union, Retrieved from : https://enrd.ec.europa.eu

EU Network for Rural Development (ENRD), 2010, EU Rural Review 3 “Rural Diversity”, European Union, Retrieved from : https://enrd.ec.europa.eu

EU Network for Rural Development (ENRD), 2015, EU Rural Review 19 “Improving Stakeholder Involvement”, Retrieved from : https://enrd.ec.europa.eu/

EU Network for Rural Development (ENRD), 2015, Projects Brochure: The European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development Rural Development Priorities 2014-2020, European Union, Retrieved from: https://enrd.ec.europa.eu

González, P. A., 2017, Heritage and rural gentrification in Spain: the case of Santiago Millas, International Journal of Heritage Studies, 23:2, 125-140, doi: 10.1080/13527258.2016.1246468

Hodges, M., 2009, Disciplining Memory: Heritage Tourism and the Temporalisation of the Built Environment in Rural France, International Journal of Heritage Studies, 15:1, 76-99, doi: 10.1080/13527250902746112

ICOMOS-IFLA, 2017. Principles concerning Rural Landscapes as Heritage.

Stenseke, M., 2009. Local participation in cultural landscape maintenance: Lessons from Sweden, Land Use Policy 26, 214–223

Wheeler, R., 2014, Mining memories in a rural community: Landscape, temporality and place identity, Journal of Rural Studies,Volume 36, October 2014, Pages 22-32, doi : 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2014.06.005

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Panel 10. Paper 10.3: A Multi-layered Rural Settlement Resisting to Sustain the Rural Habitat: Gaziköy, Turkey

The most important features of rural settlements are the fertile agricultural lands satisfying needs of people, the connections with the regional transportation network and proximity to natural resources such as water and fresh air. These features are important for the continuation of rural life and Gazikoy, which is known as Ganos in ancient period, has always been a rural settlement since antiquity because of them.

Throughout time, Gaziköy (Ganos) in Thrace was inhabited by different cultures. The inhabitation in the village continued all through the Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman periods. The Gaziköy (Ganos) which had a Rum (Ottoman-Greek) population in Ottoman period was subject to population exchange at the beginning of Turkish Republic; as a result of which the Turks living in Greece and Bulgaria were replaced with the Greeks living in Anatolia with the agreement between Turkey and Greece. Despite the change of population in early republican period, the rural life has always continued in Gaziköy, due to the fact that the land is very fertile.

However, as there are archaeological remains in the area as a result of continuous inhabitancy, there are restrictions for new interventions. Villagers who deal with agricultural activities are not allowed to make any interventions to adapt the traditional houses and infrastructure. As a result of the lack of maintenance and repair, traditional buildings are being damaged in Gaziköy day by day. Although this situation forces the villagers to leave the village, the villagers resist to stay in the area due to continuity of agricultural activities.

The problem of conservation in Gaziköy (Ganos) is to protect all layers of the multi-layered rural landscape while providing the continuity of the rural life. The responses provided to solve these problems focus on the preservation of both of archaeological remains and traditional buildings dating back to late 19th century, the continuation of rural life and agricultural production contrary to strict conservation policies emphasising only the preservation archaeological layer.

 

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